Files
python/数学课程/【相似三角形】相似三角形两大模型.md
HuangHai 1f397eca87 'commit'
2025-08-30 18:35:01 +08:00

32 lines
1.2 KiB
Markdown
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

![](http://dsideal.obs.cn-north-1.myhuaweicloud.com/HuangHai/BlogImages/2023/03/ddcbaaa0228d328a557782709dfa5409.png)
**[前导知识:一线三等角模型](https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1690759343287283314&wfr=spider&for=pc)**
**分析题意**:
$\because \angle ADC=45^{\circ}+\angle 1$
$\because \angle ADC=45^{\circ}+\angle 2$
$\therefore \angle 1=\angle 2$
此时,构造相似三角形,通过比例关系解题就是 **关键**
因为$\angle 1$在$\triangle EDC$中,同时知道$EC$长度为$\sqrt{5}$,我们需要构造出一个和 $\triangle ABD$相似的三角形,所以过$E$引$EF$交$CD$于$F$,使得$\angle EFD=45^{\circ}$
则$\triangle EDF \sim \triangle ABD$
$\therefore \frac{AD}{AB}=\frac{DE}{FD}$
$\because DE=\sqrt{2} AD$
$\therefore FD=\sqrt{2}AB=\sqrt{2}*2\sqrt{2}=4$
算出$DF$后,下面需要继续求解$FC$,才能算出$CD$的长度。
继续观察发现,
$$
\left\{\begin{matrix}
\angle C=\angle C & \\
\angle CFE=135^{\circ} & \\
\angle CDE=135^{\circ} &
\end{matrix}\right.
$$
$\therefore \triangle CEF \sim \triangle CDE$
设$CF=x$
$\therefore \frac{x}{CE}=\frac{CE}{CD}$
$x^2+4x=5$
解方程:$x_1=1,x_2=-5$,因为$x>0$,$x_2=-5$舍掉,最终$x=1$,所以$CD=4+1=5$